高中英语阅读与写作教学设计

普通高中英语新课程阅读与写作教学设计
写是听、说、读、写四项语言技能的重要组成部分之一，更是语言能力的重要表现形式。然而，写作一直是当前英语教学中的薄弱环节，很多教师觉得写作教学费时费力，成绩提高缓慢，不愿在上面投入较多的精力，以致形成了“听到写作学生心烦，见到习作教师头痛”的现象。写作教学相对滞后，这与中学阶段很少开设英语写作课有关，教师大多只注重写作结果，而忽视写作前的引导过程，学生习作也多表现为信息处理凌乱，表达缺乏一定的逻辑性且言之无物，结果教师教得累，学生学得苦，收效甚微。因此，在高中阶段要加强写作训练是十分必要的，教师从高一开始就要充分重视写作教学，使写作训练贯穿于整个高中阶段英语教学的始终。
我始终认为没有大量的“输入”，即语言信息的积累，就不可能有“交际”，与相对滞后的写作教学相比，高中阶段阅读课的教学普遍受到大家的重视，有了一定的基础，且已经获得了长足的发展，我认为高中英语写作课的教学完全建立在阅读课教学的基础上，与阅读教学巧妙结合起来。阅读与写作密不可分，阅读是写作的基础，是作文素材和表达方式的源泉，通过阅读学生可以扩充词汇，扩大知识面，增强语感，从而汇集大量的语言信息，为写作打下扎实的语言基础。因此，教师在侧重培养学生阅读能力的同时，可以采用阅读扩写、阅读仿写、阅读续写、阅读改写及阅读缩写等方法，将阅读教学和写作教学结合起来，利用阅读教材对学生进行写作训练。
下面以新教材模块六第四单元的第五课时----Reading and writing为例，谈谈阅读与写作课的教学设计----阅读仿写。
Period five Reading and writing
1.Revision and Lead-in
1).Check the homework.
2).What do you think of plastic bags?
2.Reading
1).Turn to P66, read Tom’s essay about litter and make a summary for each paragraph..
2).Read the essay again and make notes in the table.
First paragraph Point of view
Second paragraph First point of the argument
Evidence
Third paragraph Second point of the argument
Evidence
Fourth paragraph Point of view
3).Find out the writing skills:
This article is an essay. Essay is a short literary composition on a single subject, usually presenting the personal view of the author. In the first paragraph, the author presents his point of view on butts and bags. And in the next two paragraphs, he separately presents his views on butts and bags and provides evidences to support his views. In the last paragraph, he states his views again and calls up people to do something to our planet.
3.Pre-writing (Writing tips)
After reading this essay, I’d like you to choose a topic on the environment that you feel strongly about and write an essay on your own, using Tom’s essay as a model.
1).Writing tips:
Step 1: Write out the thesis statement.(point of view)
Step 2: Write out the topic sentence of the first body paragraph.
Step 3: Give the supporting points and details about the first subtopic.
Step 4: Write out the topic sentence of the second body paragraph.
Step 5: Give the supporting points and details about the second subtopic.
(more body paragraphs…)
The last step: State again the thesis statement.(point of view)
4.Writing
1).To list as many environment topics as possible and choose one topic to write an essay about it.
(air pollution, noise, soil erosion, water pollution, desertification…)
2).To write an outline.
3).To write the first draft according to the outline.
4).To form the second draft by correcting the mistakes if any.
5).To present the essay.
To make your writing read smoothly, you can use discourse markers if necessary. When you add ideas, you can use furthermore, moreover, in addition etc., when you want to express your idea in order of time, you can use firstly, secondly, lastly etc., and when you link cause and effect, use because of , as a result of , due to / owing to , …leads to / results in…and so on.
e.g. In my opinion,….
First of all, more and more research is proving that ….Secondly, statistics have shown that ….Thirdly,….
In conclusion,….
5.Homework
1).Finish the essay after class..
2).Review the whole unit by doing Summing up on P32 and Check yourself on P68.
分析作者所使用的写作手法，之后要求学生就同样的体裁采用同样的手法写出一篇短文，这一教学尝试完全符合新课程的教学理念，一方面它最大限度利用了有限的教学时间，将阅读与写作整合在一起，强化了学生对课文的理解以及对语言知识的积累，为学生创造了在写作中运用语言的机会，是阅读教学的有效延伸，提高了教学效率；另一方面它将学习的主动权还给了学生，学生将自己的生活体验应用于写作实践中，突出了他们的学习主体地位；同时，学生在写作过程中相互合作，分享信息与观点，锻炼了他们从多个角度分析问题的能力，培养了他们书面运用语言的综合能力。

Using language: Reading and writing on p 31-32. 阅读改写
1. Read the two letters about “What can we do about global warming?” and list Earth Care’s suggestions.
2. Now , in pairs, make a poster for your school that tells students various ways they can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the air.
Advice on how to write a poster:
A poster is any large piece of paper which hangs from a wall or other such surface. It is a frequent tool used by advertisers, propagandists, protesters and other groups trying to communicate a message. It can be used to give some information of an event, and it can also be some message trying to persuade people to do something.
To write a good poster is not an easy job. Usually some useful expressions or sentences patterns can be used. Here is some advice on how to write a good poster.
1. Choose a topic. It should be simple but attractive.
2. Collect some information which includes pictures or graphs, causes, effects, solutions etc. This can attract the readers.
3. Organize the information in the logical order to make the poster read fluently.
4. Try to find some phrases that have been learned to combine the given information.
5. Check the poster to make sure no given information is left out.
The format of a poster.
While writing a poster, paying attention to its format is also quite important. Usually the format of a poster is as follows:

Task: Write a poster with the given information.
Some given information:
Topic: 环境保护
Content:1、校园是学习的场所，保持环境清洁很重要；
2、有塑料袋的早餐不能带进校园；
3、不要乱扔草稿纸、餐巾纸等。
The signature: 校学生会
Example: