资料阅览英语初中英语

新目标九年级Unit 9 When was it invented?知识点

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Unit 9 When was it invented?

重点、难点、考点及疑点注释
1. They’re used for seeing in the dark. (P69)它们被用于在黑夜里观看。
be used for表示“被用来做……”,介词for表示目的和用途,后面接名词或动词-ing形式。
Wood can be used for making paper.木材可以被用来造纸。
知识拓展
含有be used的常用短语:
◎be used as表示“被用作……”,介词as意思是“作为”的意思,其后一般接名词,强调使用的工具及手段。
This book can be used as a textbook.这本书可以当作教科书来用。
◎be used by表示“被……使用”,by后接动作的执行者。
This kind of machine is used by farmers for getting in crops.
农民们用这种机器来收割庄稼。
2. I think the most helpful invention is the light bulb. (P70)我认为最有用的发明是灯泡。
helpful是由名词help加上-ful后缀构成的形容词,意为“有帮助的”,类似的形容词还有:
thank—thankful (感谢的,感激的) grate—grateful(感谢的,感激的)
use—useful (有用的) wonder—wonderful(令人惊奇的)
forget—forgetful (健忘的) success—successful(成功的)
beauty—beautiful (美丽的) pain—painful(疼痛的)
3. I’d like to have a radio because I could listen to music all day. (P70)我想有一个收音机,这样我就可以整天听音乐了。
本句中的情态动词could用来表示逻辑上或理论上的可能性,而不是某种实际上将要发生或正在发生的可能性。
Anybody could make mistake.任何人都可能犯错误。
The weather here could be very cold in winter. 冬天这儿的天气很冷。
特别提示
could也表示人或动物的内在能力,有某种知识或者技能而能够做某事。
He hurt his foot and couldn’t play soccer. 他的脚受了伤,所以他不能踢足球了。
4. The potato chips were invented by mistake. (P71)土豆条的发明纯属歪打正着。
(1) potato chips是一个复合名词,其中第一个名词用作定语修饰后一个名词,这样的例子有很多,又如: alarm clock, telephone number等。
知识拓展
复合名词变复数的规则,你一定要牢记啊!
◎通常只把主体名词变为复数
school boy—school boys(男生) apple tree—apple trees(苹果树)
vegetable sandwich—vegetable sandwiches(蔬菜三明治)
girl friend—girl friends(女朋友)
◎如果没有主体名词,在最后一个名词上用复数。
good-for-nothing—good-for-nothings(饭桶、无用的人)
three-year-old—three-year-olds(三岁的孩子)
◎由man, woman和另外一个名词构成的复合名词,两个部分都要用复数。
man teacher—men teachers(男教师)
gentleman farmer—gentlemen farmers (乡绅)
(2)by mistake 表示“错误地(因粗心、遗忘等所致)”。
Sorry, I took your bag by mistake. 对不起,我错拿了你的手提包。
短语链语
mistake ... for “错把……当作……”
5. George Crum cooked them for a long time until they were crispy. (P71)George Crum将它们做了很长时间,直到它们变脆了。
until常用作介词或连词,用来引导介词短语或从句在句子中作时间状语。
◎在肯定句中,until与延续性、持续性动词连用,表示“直到……为止”。
I worked until late in the afternoon. 我一直干到下午很晚的时候。
◎在否定句中,until常与瞬间动词、短暂性动词连用,表示“直到……才……”,“不到……不……”。
The rain didn’t stop until midnight. 雨直到半夜才停。
I won’t leave until you promise to help me. 你不答应帮助我,我不会离开。
6. And he sprinkled lots of salt on them so they were salty. (P71) 然后,他在上面撒很多盐,这样它们就咸了。
(1)sprinkle 是“撒、洒”的意思,常构成sprinkle A on/over B 或sprinkle B with A表示“撒(某物)于(某物的表面)”。
She sprinkled sand along the icy path. 她往结冰的路上撒了些沙子。
He sprinkled vinegar on his fish and chips. 他往鱼和土豆上洒了些醋。
(2)salt是不可数名词,其形容词是salty。在英语中,很多名词后加-y可以构成形容词,表示“充满/包含……”,其意思与原来词汇的意思相同,只是词性不同,如cloud—cloudy, hair—hairy, rose—rosy, sleep—sleepy等。
7. Some leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time. (P72)附近丛林里的一些树叶掉进了水里,并留在那里很长时间。
(1) fall into在这里是“落入、陷入”的意思。
Some ash fell into my cup. 一些灰掉进我的杯子里了。
A ripe fruit happened to fall into his hand. 一个熟了的果子碰巧掉在他手里。
(2)fall into有时也可以作“开始”解。
He fell into conversation with me. 他开始和我谈起话来。
(3)remain 表示“继续、依然、停留”,后面接名词,动词不定式。
He remained a prisoner for the rest of his life. 他的余生都在牢中度过。
It sounds a good idea, but it remains to be seen whether it will succeed.听起来这是个好注意,可是它能否成功,要等以后才能知晓。
(4)remain后面也可以接副词或介词短语。
She remains in the house all these days. 她这些天一直呆在那栋房子里。
Three out of four of them remained single. 他们四个人中有三个人还是单身。
特别提示
remain还有“剩下、残余”的意思。
I can’t go to the cinema because I have a lot of homework remained undone.
我不能去看电影,因为我还有很多作业未做。
8. And in this way, one of the world’s favorite drinks was invented. (P72)就这样,世界上最受欢迎的一种饮料产生了。
本句中的in the way意为“就这样”,“以这种方式”。
The song was composed in this way. 这首歌就这样被创作出来了。
In this way, you will find the answer to this question.
用这种方法,你可以找到这个问题的答案。
知识拓展
way主要有以下几种用法:
◎表示“方法”,接不定式,...way to do sth这一结构等于...way of doing sth。
Scientists are trying to find ways to prevent(of preventing) disease.
科学家们正在寻找预防疾病的方法。
There are many ways of traveling(to travel), for example, by air.
旅行有许多方式,例如乘飞机。
◎表示“路途”,“路线”,常构成on one’s/the way to...“在……的途中”。在这一结构中,介词to表示方向,后接名词。如果后面接地点副词如here, there, home时则不用to。
I’m on my way home.我正在回家的路上。
She’s on her way to see the film.她正在去看电影的路上。
◎表示“方向”。
Look this way.看这边。
Go that way.往那边走。
◎表示“距离”,“路程”。
Beijing is a long way from here.北京离这里很远。
9. Dr Naismith divided the men in his class into two teams, and taught them how to play his new game. (P74)奈斯密斯医生把他的学生分成两组,并教他们如何玩他的新游戏。
本句中的divide...into是动介短语,与separate...into同义,意为“把……划分成”,其中divide是及物动词。
My father divided the cake into four pieces. 我爸爸把蛋糕分成4块。
We divided ourselves into small groups to carry out the plan.
我们分成几个小组来执行这个计划。
10. It is believed that on December 21st, 1891, the first basketball game in history was played. (P74)人们认为1891年12月21日是历史上的第一次篮球比赛的日子。
(1)本句中的It is believed that... 相当于people believe that...是“人们相信/认为”的意思,that引导的是主语从句。
It is believed that by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.
=People believe that by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.人们都认为到2010年,世界人口将达到七十亿。
(2)believe意为“相信”,“认为”,一般表示相信某人是诚实的或某事是真实的,后面可以接名词、代词、从句或复合结构作宾语。
I just could not believe my eyes. 我简直不敢相信我的眼睛。
Scientists believe that whales can live for twenty to thirty years.
科学家们认为鲸可以活二十到三十年。
◎believe可以用于被动语态。
They are believed to have discussed this problem.据说,这个他们已经讨论过了。
特别提示
believe与believe in的含义不同。
◎believe in意为“信奉、信仰”,后面常接表示真理或宗教一类的名词,也可作“信任、信赖”解。
My grandpa believes in Buddhism. 我爷爷信奉佛教。
I can’t believe in his honesty. 我不相信他诚实。