南京明城墙英文导游词

In the city of Nanjing in 1991 generally between 14 meters to 21 meters, a width of 14 meters - City,The top four meters to 9 meters in width.Most of the walls are the first of limestone or granite stone foundation, the above defects and reuse large slabs outside the top forensic expert.Common external wall between the remaining debris, and gravel layers of loess solidified.The gaps between the top and the outside wall defects, have fostered a "safe slurry."This folder Pulp lime juice mixture (or sorghum juice) or from mixing with tung oil, strong adhesion after solidification.The prolonged so the walls can not bad.Top brick and brick-paved ground "die" (referring to outside wall on the top side of the sawtooth parapets)and a stone sink to the leaks from rain.City-based component are also available at a certain distance from the drainage hole, medial wall of water from outside the city.Therefore, the city of Nanjing on the basis of engineering and protection projects are fairly solid, and it could be survives 600 years.2,135 km of the existing walls, a brick is still the country's largest city, surrounded by as key national cultural protection.Ming wall of the existing Nanjing is the capital city of Yingtianfu Shing Mun are 13 blocks, two water relations.There are 13,616 wall width, Dawopu 200 blocks to be used for military defense.Also has a tower in the city's central and Gulou.Shing Mun Block, the top 13, and all are high rostrum, and the door to Jubaozhai most majestic.Jubaozhai, Shing Mun three mountains and economic links have four walls, the space between each of the two known as the "Urn City."can be used as a defensive war.Jubaozhai Shing Mun Mun is the most solid one of these, some of the basic intact following the rostrum.Moreover, the so-called "Tibetan army holes" of special facilities."Tibet Military holes" in the closed end of Brick Lane is actually coupons openings, and the rest are used as soldiers during the war for military supplies."Tibetan army holes" in Jubaozhai doors along the southern wall, are two of a total of 13.Also on both sides of the wall around the lower part of each seven, for a total of 27.Reportedly, each hole can accommodate over 100 soldiers, could be hiding a total of 300 people.Other such facilities in the cities of ancient China is extremely rare.Shing Mun outside each have two doors from the outside to join the city's head down to "share the gate."with a solid defense; together with a wooden hut which is caused by either door.In peacetime, pedestrians traveling through the holes from the Shing Mun.Nanjing Ming wall of defense, scientific application of the drainage system, including Rampart self-defense functions, drainage and the city's defense.Drainage two parts.Fill the upper walls, used tung oil, lime, yellow for mixing the mortar cap lay a thickness of 1-2 meters.At its top and the lower part of wall along the wall until both sides using mortar masonry 5-10 MS layer Bricks;set up a stone wall top surface water drainage, in open ditch about 50 meters of water will be discharged from the Flume installed stone wall.City defense drainage system is installed using the bottom wall of water customs culvert.Out of the Qinhuai River, water relations and the east entrance to the West were built water relations, water relations with three gates, wooden gates around 2 Road.Middle located grille gate to prevent enemy divers into the city.East Block 33 also provides water related medial Wengdong divided into three layers (top two floors of hiding the hole) and the lower (hole shipping links can) water.It also provides The relationship between gates at the Xuanwu Lake, "Effects of Dams" (Wu Temple Gate),Mid-level Gate Park and the former Lake Biwako pipa multiple culvert gates.These culvert, with copper, iron and copper tube gates and flooded not only advanced, clever design, rational structure.